FAQ – Terminology – S.

Sabayon – Italian custard made with egg yolks and wine, beaten over hot water

Sablé – Rich short biscuit similar to shortbread

Sachet – Small bag of cheesecloth containing herbs and spices

Saffron – Sharp, orange-red spice made from dry stigmata of crocus flower

Sake – Japanese wine, sauce, or marinade made from fermented rice

Salamander – Top-fired broiler/grill

Salt Cod – Cod that has been salted and dried for preservation

Saltimbocca – Italian dish of thin veal slices rolled around ham and cheese

Samosa – Crispy, deep-fried triangular pastries filled with spiced potatoes (Indian)

Sangria – Spanish drink made from sweet red wine, fresh fruit, spices

Sashimi – Assorted slices of fresh raw fish served with pickled ginger (Japanese)

Satay – Pieces of meat or fish threaded onto skewers and grilled

Sauté – Method of cooking foods in shallow pan using high heat

Savarin – Ring-shaped cake made of rich yeast dough, soaked with rum syrup

Scald – To heat liquid just below boiling with bubbles around edges

Scallion – Very young onions picked when beds need thinning

Scallop – To bake food with sauce or liquid in casserole

Scone – Small, lightly sweetened pastry, often flavoured with currants

Score – Tenderising meats or seafood by slicing with knife

Sea Urchin – Round spiny creature; only edible portion is coral

Sear – To seal in juices of meat by quickly browning on all sides

Season – Enhancing flavour of food by adding herbs and spices

Seekh Kabab – Skewer kababs made from ground lamb cooked in tandoor (Indian)

Semifreddo – Meaning “half cold”, gelato with whipped cream folded into it

Semolina – Coarse, pale flour traditionally used in pasta and pizza dough

Sesame Seeds – Tiny, nutty-flavoured oval seeds used to flavour dishes

Set – To allow food to solidify

Seviche – Spanish dish of raw fish marinated in citrus juices

Shiitake Mushroom – Flavourful, fleshy Chinese black mushroom

Sichuan Pepper – Hot, peppery dried red berries roasted and ground

Sieve – To press food through strainer to break it up

Sift – To remove lumps from foods whilst aerating

Simmer – To cook food gently in liquid that bubbles steadily

Simple Syrup – Two parts water and one part sugar cooked together

Skate Wings – Edible portion of skate with distinctive gelatinous texture

Skim – Removing fat or impurities that have risen to top of liquid

Smoking Point – Temperature at which fat breaks down and starts smoking

Smörgåsbord – Swedish buffet of many dishes served as hors d’oeuvres

Smothering – Slowly simmering dish in covered pan with small amount of liquid

Soba – Japanese buckwheat noodles served in soy-flavoured broth

Sorbet – Water ice served between meals to stimulate appetite

Sorrel – Low perennial herb with acid leaves used to flavour sauces

Sous Chef – Assistant to Executive Chef

Soy Sauce – Highly flavoured, salty, tangy brown liquid brewed from soybeans

Spätzle – Coarse noodle from Alsace and Germany

Speck – Cured and smoked pork flank

Spring Roll – Thin sheets of dough filled with meat, seafood, or vegetables

Steam – To cook by direct contact with steam

Steel – Dowel-shaped tool used to sharpen knives

Steep – To soak dry ingredients in liquid until flavour is infused

Stew – To gradually cook ingredients in covered pot until tender

Stir Fry – Fast frying in small amount of oil over very high heat

Stock – Flavoured broth from meats, fish, shellfish, and vegetables

Strain – To separate and reserve liquid contents from cooking process

Strudel – Paper thin pastry rolled around sweet fillings

Sugar Syrup – Solution of sugar and water

Sukiyaki – Thin-sliced beef, tofu, noodles, vegetables cooked in sauce (Japanese)

Sushi – Sweetened, sticky Japanese rice; also refers to rice rolls

Sweat – To cook in very small amount of fat over low heat without browning

Sweetbread – Culinary term for thymus gland of animal

Syllabub – English dessert of whipped cream sweetened and flavoured with sherry

Szechuan Cuisine – Famous Chinese cuisine characterised by spicy, pungent flavours